How to Check Up? And What Are its Transactions? (Part 2)
First of all, a detailed history is taken from the person who applied for the check-up, and the general health status of the person; Diagnosed diseases, if any, treatments received or previously received, and family health history are learned. Then, a detailed physical examination is performed and the findings, if any, are recorded.
During the physical examination, values such as blood pressure, pulse, and respiration are measured, as well as specific system examinations such as cardiological examination in heart check-up scans or neurological examination for the evaluation of the nervous system in brain check-up scans. A breast examination in women or an advanced prostate examination in men can be added to the physical examination as part of a check-up.
Laboratory Reviews
CEA:
It is a general screening test for cancer types called tarcinoembryonic antigen, such as bowel, prostate, liver, lung, stomach, breast and ovarian (ovary).
CA 125 (Cancer Antigen 125):
It is an antigen used especially in the detection of ovarian and ovarian cancers.
PSA (Prostate Specific Antigen):
It is an examination used to detect inflammation or cancer in the prostate gland in men.
ASO:
It is a test that shows a previous infection with streptococcal bacteria. A high result may indicate a susceptibility to rheumatic diseases.
CRP (C-reactive Protein):
It is a protein found at low levels in the body and used to support clinical suspicions rather than diagnosis. If it is high, it is possible to say that there is an infection or an inflammatory disease in the body.
RF (Rheumatoid Factor):
It is generally used for diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis, which is an inflammatory disease that affects the joints.
ELISA HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus):
It is a virus characterized by AIDS disease. Within about 3 months from the moment this virus enters the body, the body’s defense mechanism produces special antibodies to fight this virus. The ELISA test is used to detect these antibodies and the antigen that causes antibody formation.
Anti-HIV 1+2 HIV P24:
It is a test used for detecting the antigen and used for early diagnosis, approximately 2 weeks after the AIDS virus is ingested into the body.
Hepatitis Bs Antigen (HBsAg):
It is a test used in the diagnosis of Hepatitis B disease in order to detect the Hepatitis B antigen in the body.
Hepatitis Bs Antibody (Anti-HBs):
It is a test applied to detect the protein-structured antibody produced by the body against the surface antigen of the hepatitis B virus. This test is used to detect immunity against Hepatitis B and determines the need for vaccination.
Whole Blood Analysis:
Hemogram Provides blood count results, hematological and many other system-related detection possibilities. Regarding erythrocytes (red blood cell),
Hgb (hemoglobin), Hct (hematocrit), MCV, MCH, MCHC tests are performed. In anemia cases, while Hgb and Hct are low, MCV, MCH, MCHC are not used for screening purposes. It gives preliminary information about anemia and chronic diseases that may cause anemia. Other blood cells are used in the detection of infections, inflammatory and blood diseases.
Total Lipid:
It is the sum of all the fats in the blood. It commonly contains cholesterol and triglycerides.
Cholesterol Total:
It is the sum of good (HDL) and bad (LDL) cholesterol in the blood.
HDL (Good Cholesterol):
It is a lipoprotein produced in the liver and intestines. Its high amount in the body provides protection against diseases such as arteriosclerosis and atherosclerosis. Its values can be increased with exercise.
LDL (Bad Cholesterol):
They are low-density lipoproteins produced in the liver that transport cholesterol through the blood. If it is high, the risk of atherosclerosis, atherosclerosis and heart disease increases.
VLDL Cholesterol:
It is included in the group of bad cholesterols. It helps to store fats in the intestine. In addition, by binding to the LDL receptors in the blood vessels, it prepares for diseases such as atherosclerosis and vascular occlusion.
Triglyceride:
It is a structure consisting of the combination of glycerol and 3 fatty acids in the blood. If it is found in high amounts together with cholesterol in the blood, it prepares the environment for atherosclerosis, heart and pancreatic diseases. Therefore, it is controlled together with cholesterol values.
Blood Sugar Test:
It is a test applied to analyze the amount of glucose in the body, the diagnosis of diabetes and the carbohydrate metabolism in the body.
Urea Test:
It is a protein whose level increases due to dysfunctions in the kidneys. Urea produced in the liver; It can be used for the diagnosis of kidney dysfunction, liver failure.
Uric Acid:
It is used in the diagnosis and monitoring of gout and in determining the risk factor for heart diseases.
Calcium Test:
It is the analysis of the blood values of calcium, which is supportive for the bone and cardiovascular system. Its deficiency causes bone diseases and disturbances in heart rhythms.
Iron Test:
Apart from controlling the iron level in the body, it helps in the detailed diagnosis of Anemias.
Iron Binding:
It is a test evaluated for further examination with iron. It gives information about the transport potential of iron in anemia caused by iron deficiency.
Sodium:
It is the most important electrolyte of the fluid found outside the cell. It plays an active role in the evaluation of osmotic pressure, acid-base balance, liquid electrolyte balance in the body.
Potassium:
It is the most abundant electrolyte in the cell. Together with sodium, it plays an important role in the functions of the nervous and muscular system. It is important in the early diagnosis of heart diseases, acid-base balance, and blood pressure diseases.
Chloride:
It is the most abundant electrolyte outside the cell. Most of the chloride taken into the body is absorbed in the intestines and excreted in the urine. It is generally used in the analysis of acid-base and electrolyte balance and water metabolism.
Electrolytes (Sodium, Potassium, Chloride):
They are electrolytes found in cells. It is used in the analysis of osmotic pressure, acid-base balance, liquid electrolyte balance and water metabolism in the body.
Albumin:
It is the most common protein found in blood plasma. In cases such as deterioration of liver functions, trauma and burns, its density in the body decreases, while its density in the body increases with the decrease in the density of water in the cell plasma.
Full Urine:
Complete urine analysis It detects conditions such as sand, protein, albumin, urobilinogen, urobulin, nitrite and ketone, inflammation in the urine. It is an important analysis used for diagnosis in kidney and urinary tract diseases.
AST, SGOT:
It is a test that first detects tissue damage in the heart and muscle cells, and then in the kidney, liver, brain, pancreas, spleen and lung within 12 hours.
ALT, SGPT:
It is first found in liver and kidney cells, then in the heart system and skeletal muscles.
The lungs, pancreas and spleen are found in a minimum. And it is often used to observe the effects of drugs used in the treatment of diseases such as hepatitis and cirrhosis and to diagnose liver diseases.
In addition, the level of liver cell death, heart failure, shocks, traumas, liver tumors, heart attack, pregnancy poisoning increases.
Gamma Glutamyl Transferase (GGT):
It is an enzyme found in the pancreas, liver, and kidneys. Although it is most commonly found in the kidney, it is often used in the diagnosis of liver diseases. It also guides the diagnosis of colon and breast cancers.
Hemoglobin:
A1c provides information about the average blood sugar level over a 3-4 month period.
TSH:
It is used to determine thyroid diseases and risk factors for heart diseases.
LPa:
It helps in determining the risk of cardiovascular diseases.
Homocysteine:
It is used to determine the risk of vascular diseases, especially cardiovascular occlusion and vein thrombosis.
Helicobacter Pylori:
It is a bacterium found in various parts of the stomach and intestines. It causes a chronic inflammation in the area where it is accompanied by acid, and as a result of this inflammation, deformation and ulcers occur in the tissue.
CA 19-9:
It is an antigen whose level is increased in gastrointestinal (stomach and intestine) system cancers such as pancreas, colon, cholangiocarcinoma and adenocarcinomas. Known as cancer markers, it requires further examination when it rises.
Stool Occult Blood Test:
It is the method used to diagnose conditions such as early colon cancer, stomach bleeding or internal bleeding.
Total IgE:
It is a method that shows the body’s immune system response to various allergens related to inhalation, contact, and intake.
Beta-Crosslaps (Beta-CTx):
It is a marker of bone resorption. Its elevated level is associated with increased bone resorption. It is used in the evaluation of osteoporosis and its treatment. The sample should be taken in the morning fasting.
Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR):
The sedimentation rate or erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) is a blood test used to reveal inflammatory activities that may occur in your body. The sedimentation rate test is not a stand-alone diagnostic tool, but the test result can help your doctor clarify or diagnose an inflammatory condition in your body. Generally; It is the test used in diseases such as malignancies, inflammatory diseases, rheumatic diseases, acute and chronic infectious diseases.
Estradiol (E2):
E2 hormone, or estrogen ratio, is known as a value that determines the level of estrogen hormones in the blood or urine. With the decrease in estrogen level, bone loss accelerates and osteoporosis occurs in the menopausal period.
Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH):
FSH is a hormone secreted by the pituitary gland. It carries a similar protein structure in males and females. Together with the lutein-forming hormone (LH), it contributes to the functions of the ovaries and testicles. It makes the maturation of the ovarian follicles in women and the production and maturation of spermatozoon in men. FSH (follicle stimulating hormone) is a hormone secreted from the brain and has an important role in egg development.
This test is a test to evaluate pituitary function if you have problems with conceiving, sex organ failure, and findings suggestive of a pituitary tumor. It is one of the tests that will distinguish whether women have entered the menopause period or not.
Parathormone (PTH):
Intact Parathormone plays an important role in regulating bone metabolism and regulating blood calcium level. High or low PTH levels cause bone-related problems.
Co-Test:
It is the simultaneous smear test and HPV tests for cervical cancer.
Zinc:
It is an important mineral for the hormones and enzymes in our body. It plays an important role in the immune system.
Vitamin B12:
It is a vitamin that provides red blood cell production and protection of the central nervous system. It helps in the detection of anemia and nerve damage.
Ferritin:
It is a protein that is responsible for storing iron in the body. It is used to investigate the causes of anemia.
Folic Acid:
It is an important B group vitamin for the formation of DNA and red blood cells for cell growth and regeneration. It is especially important during pregnancy.
Vitamin D:
It is an effective hormone for calcium and phosphorus metabolism and bone mineralization.
Creatinine:
It is used in the diagnosis of kidney function and kidney diseases.
Calcium/Creatinine Ratio:
Spot Urine Indicates calcium excretion in the urine.
CA 15-3:
It indicates the risk of breast cancer.
CA 72-4 Stomach:
Intestines and female reproductive organs indicate the risk of breast cancer.
Magnesium Test:
It is an important electrolyte due to muscle aches and cramps, and its deficiency affects the whole body.
Phosphorus Test:
Like calcium, phosphorus is an important element. It gives clues about parathyroid gland disorders, kidney and bone diseases.
Microalbumin:
Spot Urine It is the first and most important indicator of kidney disorder especially caused by hypertension and diabetes.
Folate:
It is important in the production of blood cells and is a key point in the functioning of many organs.
Lactate Dehydrogenase:
It indicates excessive and irregular cell destruction in the body.
Alkaline Phosphatase:
It gives information about liver and gallbladder function.
Testosterone:
It is a male hormone and level monitoring is important for sexual life.
