What is Myoma ?
Myoma, is a benign tumor arising from the uterine muscles.
It occurs in 20 to 25 percent of women between the ages of 20 and 35. However, as the age progresses, the frequency of fibroids increases. Approximately 40% of women over the age of 45 have fibroids.
Who is Myoma Commonly Seen?
It is more common in women who have never given birth before. However, uterine fibroids are more common in some families. The incidence of fibroids decreases in women after menopause. In addition, a reduction in size is always expected. However, if there is still an increase in fibroid size despite the menopause period, malignant tumors come to mind first.
What Can Myoma Cause?
Fibroids can cause different complaints depending on the region where they are located on the uterine wall. Complaints caused by fibroids include menstrual irregularity, sudden onset groin pain, miscarriage, infertility, and long-term groin pain.
What Happens If Myoma Is Not Treated?
Although most fibroids do not cause problems, side effects can occur in some cases. In particular, sprains can be seen in fibroids that are connected to the uterus by a stalk. When this happens, it can cause pain, nausea or fever.
If a very large myoma has formed, this fibroid can cause the person to swell in the abdomen. In such cases, it can also make it difficult to perform a full gynecological examination.
Do Myoma cause infertility?
Before the cause of infertility in couples is called myoma, other factors should be investigated very well. If fibroids are thought to be the cause of infertility, many women are likely to become pregnant again after treatment for fibroids.
Uterine fibroids in women are quite common. They usually show benign growths. One of every 4 or 5 women aged 35 years or older has fibroids. Fibroids usually do not cause any complaints at all. They may not even require treatment.
If you have fibroids or have had fibroids in the past, you should definitely be checked regularly by your doctor. It is important for your future to have regular check-ups.
Is There Any Medicine That Destroys Myoma?
Unfortunately, no drug is enough to eliminate the fibroids yet. However, with some medications, fibroids can be reduced. However, because the person will enter menopause during the use of the drug, menopausal symptoms occur in the person.
When Can I Get Pregnant After Myoma Surgery?
The most important thing here is from which region the myoma was removed. You should not get pregnant for the first 3 months after the operation for subserous and submucous fibroids, and for the first 6 months after the operation for fibroids located inside the uterine wall. After these periods are over, it is possible to get pregnant.
What Are the Effects of Myoma on Pregnancy?
- Myoma can cause miscarriage during pregnancy.
- The development of the baby in the womb may not be fully completed.
- If the fibroid problem continues until the end of the pregnancy, the baby may come with his butt, not his head.
- Postpartum bleeding may be excessive. This is the most feared situation. Mothers with fibroids have a 6-fold higher risk of postpartum bleeding compared to other mothers.
Does Myoma Prevent Normal Birth?
The important thing is in which region the fibroid is located. If it prevents the baby’s normal birth, that is, the natural development of the baby, or if it blocks the birth canal or does not allow enough uterine contractions to occur, a normal delivery may not occur. If these conditions are not in question, normal birth can occur.
What is Pelvic Venous Congestion Syndrome? (Failures Observed in Ovarian/Testicular Veins)
Frequently Asked Questions About Myoma (Uterine Fibroids)
What exactly is a myoma and how does it develop?
A myoma, more commonly known as a uterine fibroid, is a non-cancerous (benign) growth that develops from the muscle tissue of the uterus (myometrium). These growths can vary in size from tiny seedlings, undetectable by the human eye, to bulky masses that can distort and enlarge the uterus.
While the exact cause is not fully understood, clinical research points to genetic changes, the influence of hormones (estrogen and progesterone), and other growth factors. They typically develop during a woman’s reproductive years when hormone levels are at their highest.
What are the primary symptoms of uterine myomas?
Many women with myomas do not experience any symptoms. However, for those who do, symptoms are often influenced by the location, size, and number of fibroids. Common indicators include:
- Heavy menstrual bleeding: Periods that last longer than a week or involve significant blood loss.
- Pelvic pressure or pain: A feeling of fullness in the pelvic area or chronic pelvic discomfort.
- Frequent urination: Occurs when a fibroid presses against the bladder.
- Backache or leg pains: Large fibroids can sometimes press on nerves leading to the back or limbs.
Can a myoma turn into cancer?
It is extremely rare for a uterine fibroid to become cancerous. A cancerous fibroid is known as a leiomyosarcoma. According to medical data, having benign myomas does not increase your risk of developing a cancerous fibroid or other forms of uterine cancer.
However, if a known fibroid grows very rapidly, especially after menopause, doctors may perform further investigations to rule out any rare complications.
How do myomas affect pregnancy and fertility?
While many women with myomas have normal pregnancies, certain fibroids—particularly submucosal fibroids (those that grow into the uterine cavity)—can affect fertility by distorting the uterine lining and interfering with embryo implantation.
During pregnancy, fibroids may increase the risk of complications such as placental abruption, fetal growth restriction, or preterm delivery. If you are planning a pregnancy and have known myomas, consulting a specialist to evaluate their size and location is highly recommended.
What are the latest non-surgical treatment options for myoma?
Modern medicine offers several minimally invasive and non-surgical alternatives to a hysterectomy. These include:
- Uterine Fibroid Embolization (UFE): Small particles are injected into the arteries supplying the uterus, cutting off blood flow to the fibroids and causing them to shrink.
- MRI-guided Focused Ultrasound Surgery (FUS): Using high-energy ultrasound waves to target and destroy the fibroid tissue while the patient is inside an MRI scanner.
- Hormonal Medications: GnRH agonists can be used to temporarily shrink fibroids by blocking the production of estrogen and progesterone.
